The main hazards of welding operations include metal smoke (melting electrode and welding parts are prone to produce a large number of heavy metal smoke), toxic gas (welding arc such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide, etc.), arc light radiation (such as infrared, visible and ultraviolet) and so on.Therefore, in order to avoid the harm to your health caused by arc light, welding smoke and harmful gas in welding work, you must take effective personal protective measures, such as welding mask, wearing respiratory protective equipment, etc.
The main occupational hazards of welding are dust, toxic gas, arc light radiation, high frequency electromagnetic field, high temperature, noise, etc., of which welding smoke, toxic gas, arc light radiation is the most common, the most extensive harm.
1.Welding smoke and dust
Welding dust is the high temperature vapor produced by metal and nonmetal materials under the condition of overheating.Soot particles are small and easily inhaled into the lungs.Long-term inhalation of welding dust will cause pulmonary fibrosis, namely, welding workers pneumoconiosis, and often accompanied by manganese poisoning, fluorosis and metal smoke fever and other complications.
2.Poisonous gases
Under the action of high temperature and strong ultraviolet radiation produced by welding arc, a large number of toxic gases, such as ozone, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide, hydrogen fluoride and so on, will be produced around welding arc.
(1) ozone: is a colorless, has a special pungent smell of harmful gas.It has a strong stimulating effect on respiratory mucosa and lung.
(2) Carbon monoxide: colorless, tasteless and non-irritating gas, mainly generated by the decomposition of carbon dioxide gas under the action of high temperature arc.
(3) nitrogen oxide: a toxic gas with an irritating smell, mainly nitrogen dioxide, which is a reddish-brown gas with a special odor.
(4) Hydrogen fluoride: colorless corrosive gas, severe toxicity.Can be absorbed by the respiratory system and skin, can cause bronchitis and pneumonia, and can have toxic effects on the whole body.
3.Arc radiation
Arc light produced by welding mainly includes infrared, visible and ultraviolet light.Among them, ultraviolet radiation mainly damages the skin of eye and tree dew, causing keratoconjunctivitis (electro-optic ophthalmitis) and skin erythema.Long-term eye exposure to infrared radiation can cause infrared cataracts.
4.The high temperature
As the arc temperature is very high, it is easy to form high temperature working environment when the ventilation is poor.
2021-08-27 
